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American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 58(2), 259-261. Fruit characteristics of six Merlot grapevine selections in the Central San Joaquin Valley, California. The performance of Merlot ( Fidelibus et al., 2007 Fidelibus, M. Therefore, the genetic material, soil characteristic, and climate conditions should be taken into account in choosing a new clone, which may not be better than the one currently grown. By doing this, growers should have specific targets related to vine characteristics and wine composition, typicality, and quality. A clone can be defined as a group of individuals with the same genetic characteristics as the parent plant that is made asexually. Generally, the vineyards are established by planting the rootstocks in the field and grafted a year or two later however, this practice is being replaced by selected clones produced by specialized nurseries.
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Therefore, it has been partially replaced by Merlot, whose grapes ripen earlier and wines usually do not have such vegetal note. For this reason, the grapes do not ripen properly in some years, with most wines having a vegetal note (green pepper), which is not well accepted by the consumers. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, 41(6), e-446. Phenology, chilling and heat requirements of Cabernet Sauvignon grapevine.
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However, it is a long cycle variety requiring high heat summation from budbreak to grape maturity and low rainfall in the last days of the fruit ripening ( Miele, 2019 Miele, A. They are cultivated in many viticultural regions worldwide, such as France, Australia, Argentina, California, Chile, and Brazil (Serra Gaúcha), which have different soil types and climatic characteristics.Ī Cabernet Sauvignon boom in Serra Gaúcha took place a few decades ago. grapes, where Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon are two important cultivars of this species. However, some wines are made from Vitis vinifera L. In this state, the grapes are mainly used for wine and juice production, which are commonly made from Vitis labrusca L. The vine is currently cultivated in many Brazilian regions, with Rio Grande do Sul the largest producer. Vitis vinifera grape minerals volatile compounds Therefore, the three-year average data demonstrate that the evaluated Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon clones are suitable to produce quality wines in the region, especially Merlot 181, 346, and 348 and Cabernet Sauvignon 18A and 163. On the other hand, the Cabernet Sauvignon group presented higher pH, ashes, alkalinity of ashes, hue, and potassium. The Merlot group generally had higher values of ethanol, absorbance at 520 nm, color intensity, total polyphenols index, and methanol. The clone effect was significant for some variables however, year and varietal group exerted greater effects. Data were submitted to ANOVA, Tukey test, correlation analysis, and Principal Component Analysis. Next, the wines were bottled and analyzed, where the classical variables were determined by physicochemical methods, volatile compounds by gas chromatography, and minerals by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. After crushing and destemming the grapes, the musts were transferred to glass containers, where the alcoholic and later malolactic fermentations occurred. The grapes were harvested between 20, then on the same day, taken to the winery facility for winemaking. This study aimed to evaluate the wine composition from vine clones of Merlot (181, 346, 347, 348) and Cabernet Sauvignon (R5, 18A, 163, 338, 341).